Systematic study on the role of various higher-order processes in the breakup of weakly-bound projectiles

The virtual photon theory (VPT), which is based on first-order Coulomb dissociation restricted to the electric dipole ($E1$), has been successfully used explain breakup data for several cases. Our aim study role of various higher-order processes that are ignored in VPT, such as nuclear breakup, interference between and amplitudes, multistep mainly due strong continuum-continuum couplings two-body projectiles a heavy target at both intermediate higher incident energies. For purpose numerical calculations, we employed eikonal version three-body continuum-discretized coupled-channels (CDCC) reaction model. results $^{11}$Be $^{17}$F $^{208}$Pb 100, 250, 520 MeV/A, show importance contribution, its significant processes. effect core-neutron projectile was found be negligible, whereas it important core-proton projectile. Coulomb-nuclear (CNI) also non-negligible. Quantitatively, effects depend energy through dependence core-target nucleon-target potentials. component, CNI effect, all non-negligible; hence, assumptions adopted VPT accurate description cross sections not valid.